En esta página presentaré reflexiones sobre el tema Interdependencia y Integración Económica en general, con enfoque en la región Centroamericana. Sus ideas y comentarios son bienvenidas y bienvenidos.
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Pregunta crucial de Robert Gilpin (The political economy of international relations, 1987): Is any government willing to subordinate its national autonomy and independence in economic matters in the interest of international economic stability? Is international cooperation possible for long in a capitalist world economy? Can cooperation be achieved without an unchallenged hegemonic leader willing to subordinate its narrowly defined interests to the larger objective of maintaining a liberal international economy (page 166)?
BeantwoordenVerwijderenAccording to Gilpin, the answers to these questions remain unclear. I will give it a go, though: The first question will have to be answered with a No: no one country (individual) will sacrifice itself (him/herself) for the sake of others. That is not how humans are, except for moms and dads for their kids and Ghandi for humanity. The second and third questions can be answered with a Yes, if ... International cooperation is possible on the condition that there is no one leader, but a socio-economic deal involving all countries. International cooperation is no more than the result of a political decision. The condition is that it is organized in a fair and equitable way: no one country leads over the others; the system's financing is fair and proportional (based on capacity to pay) and this does not affect the relative political power of each member; and redistribution policies are implemented to bridge the current devastating gap between higher and lower income countries and socio-economic groups. As the existing international agencies have too much of a bias towards the US hegemony, we should ask ourselves how we can build an organization that is trustworthy for all and capable of generating the necessary political will, including all countries? It's a job, but it's not impossible.